CAR observers

Large and conspicuous birds offer the opportunity to monitor their populations by means of relatively simple techniques. One of these techniques is the "road count", in which observations are made from vehicles covering fixed routes. It is these large birds that are showing signs of threat due to loss of habitat through changes in land use, increases in crop agriculture and human population densities, poisoning as well as man-made structures like power lines. With the prospect of wind and solar farms to increase our use of renewable energy sources monitoring of these species is most important.

Roadcounts were pioneered in July 1993 in a joint Cape Bird Club/ADU project to monitor the populations of two threatened species: Blue Crane Anthropoides paradiseus and Denham’s/Stanley's Bustard Neotis denhami. The initial study area is known as the Overberg and consists of a mosaic of agricultural and natural landscapes on the coastal plain northeast of Cape Town in the Western Cape. The project began with 15 routes and detailed observations were recorded while driving slowly and especially during stops at regular two-kilometre intervals. During these stops, the surrounding countryside was scanned using binoculars. This pilot study was successful and the fieldwork method has not been changed significantly over the past 19 years.

CAR spread rapidly to other provinces and now monitors 36 species of large terrestrial birds (cranes, bustards, korhaans, storks, Secretarybird and Southern Bald Ibis) along 350 fixed routes covering over 19 000 km ( the flight distance between Cape Town, London and back!). Fourteen of these species appear in the Red Data Book. Twice a year, in midsummer (the last Saturday in January) and midwinter (the last Saturday in July), roadcounts are carried out using this standardised method. A standardised method allows one to make comparisons between counts. Even though we do not attempt to count the entire population of a species, the area covered is so large that CAR is statistically capable of demonstrating trends in population size. The project also reveals details of habitat use and the relationship of populations to the agricultural practices of an area. more...


Latest news

2012-05-09 Les Underhill 
Changes in the fortune of the Blue Crane between the first and second bird atlas projects 

Blue Crane SABAP1 vs SABAP2 range change map 7 May 2012One of the most charismatic of the species whose fortunes are surveyed by the CAR project is the Blue Crane. This range-change map depicts the mixed fortunes of this species between the first and second bird atlas projects, SABAP1 and SABAP2. (The colours on this range change map are explained in the SABAP1 vs SABAP2 maps interpretation note.) The news is mixed. All the changes reported here are confirmed by the results of the CAR project. Apart from a handful of Blue Cranes in Etosha in Namibia, this species is endemic to South Africa, in part motivating the choice of this iconic species as the national bird.

Blue Crane SABAP1 vs SABAP2 range change map KZN 7 May 2012This range change map shows that the decreases in the Grassland Biome have been sustained since SABAP1. David Allan, author of the Blue Crane species account in the first atlas wrote: "The grassland biome was the ancestral stronghold, but it has decreased c. 90% in this region [ie by 1997]. The SABAP1 map shows a fragmented distribution and low reporting rates in the grassland biome and shows almost total absence from Transkei and Lesotho, probably resulting from high human population densities. In the grassland biome the main threats are poisoning (prompted by birds feeding in agricultural fields), collisions with overhead transmission lines, and loss of habitat to afforestation, urbanization and crop farming." The range change map is alarmingly RED across the Free State, North-West Province, Gauteng, Limpopo and Mpumalanga; this means that it was recorded here in SABAP1, but not yet in SABAP2. The map is predominantly ORANGE across KwaZulu-Natal. The actual decreases in reporting rates between the two atlas projects are shown in the second map; SABAP1 reporting rates are at the top of each quarter degree grid cell, SABAP2 reporting rates at the bottom. Sadly, the fragmented distribution reported by SABAP1 is moving along the highway towards local extinction.

Blue Crane SABAP1 vs SABAP2 range change map Western Cape 7 May 2012In the wheat-growing area of the Western Cape, both the Overberg and the Swartland, the almost wall-to-wall GREEN shows that increases in reporting rates have been widespread, and in the Swartland these increases have been massive. These are shown on the third map. David Allan noted: "In the fynbos biome it inhabits cereal croplands and cultivated pastures and avoids natural vegetation." In pristine times, the Blue Crane was absent from the Western Cape. Now this region is the stronghold of the species, and the birds are dependent on the present patterns of agricultural land use.

The third area in which the Blue Crane historically occurred was the Karoo. The range change map here is also predominantly GREEN suggesting that the Blue Crane is holding its own in the Karoo.

One of the papers in the 2011 volume of Ornithological Observations describes an expansion even farther north, into Namaqualand in the Northern Cape. These birds were recorded on cereal fields close to farmlands, suggesting that this range expansion, like that in the Western Cape, is associated with the changes in landuse associated with agriculture.

 
 

 
2012-02-13 Doug Harebottle 
ADU 20th anniversary celebration in KZN 

The National Botanical Gardens in Pietermaritzburg was the setting for the last of the ADU's 20th anniversary celebrations. Following on from the successful events held in the National Botanical Gardens in Cape Town (Jul. 2011) and Pretoria (Oct. 2011), the KZN celebration took place on Saturday 11 February with about 60 citizen scientists in attendance. Doug Harebottle and Dieter Oschadleus represented the ADU.

Although the day was marred slighltly by cool, rainy weather everyone enjoyed the comaradrie and chance to meet with fellow citizen scientists. The morning presentations provided a good overview of what the ADU has achieved in the last twenty years and everyone agreed that these were interesting and informative. After a picnic lunch in the drizzle (for some at least!), a feedback session was held and gave an opportunity for anyone to tell their story or ask questions. Thanks to everyone for your postive comments and input, but we couldn't do what we do without your support and dedication! We then lit the candles on the cake and wished the ADU well for the next twenty years!

A huge thank you to Colin Summersgill, KZN RAC chair, for organising the event and sorting out all the local logistics and to the Natal Midlands Bird Club for helping with tea and coffee arrangements. We are extremely grateful to Christopher Willis, who heads up the National Botanical Gardens programme in SANBI, for allowing us to use some of South Africa's most beautiful settings for the ADU's birthday celebrations. It is nice to see that the ADU-SANBI partnership extends beyond the more formal contractual relationships of both organistaions. A final thanks to Colin's wife, Penny, who baked the 'third' celebratory birthday cake which was certainly enjoyed by everyone!

So here's wishing the ADU all the best for the next 20 years, although next year it seems appropriate to celebrate the unit's 'coming of age'!

To all our Citizen Scientists - Thank you , Dankie, Enkosi, Ngiyabonga, Ke a leboga!

 
 

 
2009-10-16 Michael Brooks 
REMINDER: ADU data processing shut down 
Just a small note to say that no data processing or updates will be made over the weekend of the 17-18 October. The last update will be run at 06h00 on Saturday morning (17th), followed by the Monday 09h00 update. UCT is doing some work on the electrical system of the building we are in, so all the computers are going to be shut down until Monday. Please note that all submissions made over the weekend will be queued and processed as soon as the server is up and running again.